This course builds upon the foundational knowledge from Introduction to Cardiovascular Imaging. It includes 2-D imaging and Doppler evaluation of the normal and abnormal peripheral and extracerebral vascular system. Non-invasive physiological testing of the extremities will also be introduced.

Learning Outcomes:

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to identify the vascular anatomy of the upper and lower extremities and the extracerebral vessels. You will be able to demonstrate knowledge of sonographic appearances, sonographic techniques, measurements, and Doppler flow characteristics in both normal and abnormal upper and lower extremities vessels as well as the carotid arteries. You will gain understanding of physiologic testing for lower extremity arterial disease.

You will be able to: 

·         Describe the factors that affect arterial and venous blood flow in the circulatory system.

·         Describe the etiology, risk factors, signs, symptoms, and diagnostic modalities utilized for vascular diseases encountered in the vascular lab.

·         Explain the normal and abnormal color Doppler and spectral Doppler waveforms of the vascular system.

·         Identify the vascular anatomy of the upper and lower extremities and the extracerebral vessels.

·         Describe the ultrasound techniques used to image the vessels of upper and lower extremities and the carotid arteries.

·         Describe normal and abnormal finding in 2-D, color Doppler, and spectral Doppler observed during:

o   Carotid duplex examination

o   Lower extremity arteries

o   Lower extremity veins

o   Upper extremity arteries

o   Upper extremity veins

·         Explain non-invasive physiologic testing for lower extremity arterial disease.

·         Describe the protocol used when a performing ankle-brachial index.

·         Identify normal and abnormal ankle-brachial index results.